Quote of the Day: “When love is at its best, one loves so much that he cannot forget to do so.” – Helen Hunt Jackson
Photo by: Kurt Stocker (CC license)
With a new inspirational quote every day, atop the perfect photo—collected and archived on our Quote of the Day page—why not bookmark GNN.org for a daily uplift?
260 years ago today, former Virginia governor and revolutionary Patrick Henry was not only born, but used his 29th birthday as an occasion to deliver a rousing speech is response to the British Parliament passing the Stamp Act. In response, Henry introduced the Stamp Act Resolves to the House of Burgesses in Virgina. Though his speech is only quoted today from recollections decades later by men not present, the general conensus is that at a certain point, Henry suggested that King George III be killed, to which a cry rang out “Treason!” Henry is supposed to have said “If this be treason, make the most of it!” READ about the Stamp Act and Henry’s life in general… (1739, 1765)
While less than 1,000 Siamese crocodiles remain in the wild, community members in Laos have released ten of the rare animals into a local wetlands to boost the population.
While crocodiles are not hunted, the species (Crocodylus siamensis) is ranked as Critically-Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature because of the threats of entanglement in fishing nets, the clearance of wetlands, and seasonal draining of habitat to expand dry-season rice cultivation.
Unlike many of its other aggressive cousins, the Siamese crocodile is not a threat to humans. Communities that reside close to the species’ habitat hold the crocodiles in high regard spiritually—believing they bring good luck.
The Xe Champhone Wetland where they were released is located in the Savannakhet province which represents the larger of two ‘Ramsar sites’ (Wetland of International Importance).
It’s home to an abundance of aquatic biodiversity such as endangered turtle species and waterfowl.
A dedicated conservation program for the Siamese crocodile is in place in the four target districts where they’re found. Volunteers work with government officials and eggs are collected to be transported to the village administration office for incubation at ambient temperature for about two months.
Once hatched, the baby crocodiles will be raised for about 32 months—at which time they will exceed 3 feet in length—and then released back into the wetlands. 163 small crocodiles are currently being nursed by the crocodile conservation team at the village level.
Since the start of the program, a total of 183 crocodiles have been successfully released back into the wild. 6 to 8 nests are being found each year, and based on these nest counts, an estimated population of 200-250 Siamese crocodiles inhabit the Xe Champhone Wetlands.
A new visitor center boosts enthusiasm
The new visitors’ center offers an immersion in the incredible biodiversity of the Xe Champhone wetlands. With educational panels displayed all along the visitors’ path as well as wall murals on the crocodile’s life.
“I hope that the opening of the Xe Champhone Wetland and Crocodile Information Center, along with today’s release of the crocodiles, will bring lasting benefits to local communities as part of a long-term conservation effort,” said Mr. Khammone Thilavong, Deputy Director of Provincial Forestry and Agriculture Ministry, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society, which assisted in the reintroduction, and released a statement on the success.
Japan is the first country to begin clinical trials of artificial blood, a medical innovation which if proven successful, would solve one of the largest hospital challenges of our age.
Beginning back in March, a clinical trial organized by Nara Medical University will look to build on the success of an early-stage trial in 2022 of hemoglobin vesicles, small artificial blood cells that were confirmed to be safe and capable of delivering oxygen as normal.
The trial will administer 100 to 400 milliliters of the artificial blood cells to further test safety before moving onto broader performance and efficacy targets, all in the hopes that by 2030, the artificial blood could enter clinical use.
Whether high-income or low-income, every country has challenges meeting the necessary amounts of stockpiled blood donations for emergency medical procedures.
In high-income countries where the 90% of blood stockpiles comes from voluntary donors, the challenge is getting enough of these donations, and crucially, enough from those with rare blood types.
In low-income countries where only 40% of needs are met with donations, the challenge lies in importation from abroad when donated blood packs are only safe for use for a few months. A useful proxy to understanding this shortfall is that of 175 countries included in a survey of blood donation and use practices by the World Health Organization, 106 countries report that all blood plasma-derived products are imported. These include things like immunoglobulins and coagulation factors which are needed to prevent and treat a variety of serious conditions.
Japan has a different challenge. The WHO found that the use of donated blood varied with income levels, reporting that high-income countries used more blood donations to treat those aged 65 and older, while lower-income countries used it to treat those aged 5 and under.
Japan has recognized that its long-since-collapsed replacement birth rate coupled with long life-expectancy will place a likely unsustainable burden of blood donation on a shrinking working-age population, making artificial blood a priority innovation.
Professor Hiromi Sakai at Nara Medical University has pioneered one method for its synthesis. Using hemoglobins—the oxygen-carrying molecule inside red blood cells—from expired donations and encasing them in protective shells, removes the need of matching blood types.
Another method comes from Chuo University where the hemoglobin is encased in an albumin-family protein, which has been used in animal studies to stabilize blood pressure and treat conditions like hemorrhage and stroke.
Either way, the necessity is there and it’s urgent for Japan and the world. If the country’s researchers succeed in this innovation, it will be a medical milestone of epic proportions.
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The walls of a New Kingdom tomb found in Luxor - credit, Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, released
The walls of a New Kingdom tomb found in Luxor – credit, Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, released
The tombs of three ancient Egyptian officials have been discovered in Luxor, the Egyptian government has stated, marking yet another discovery from the famous city on the Nile.
In February, the tomb of pharaoh Thutmose II was found not far from the Dra’Abu El Naga, an important non-royal necropolis where this new trio of discoveries was made.
Dating back to the era called the New Kingdom, starting from 1539 BCE and ending in 1077 BCE, the tombs belonged to several officials at the Temple of Amun, a deity worshiped as king of the gods at the time.
Inscriptions inside the tombs allowed the excavation team to identify the names and titles of their owners, said Mohamed Ismail Khaled, secretary-general of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, in the statement.
The first was called Amun-em-Ipet, the second Baki, and the third Es. The three men held various positions, and their tombs were constructed in similar ways.
Es, the most important, was recorded as being a mayor of the northern oases, a scribe, and the supervisor of the Temple of Amun. Baki was a granary official charged with overseeing the collection and storing of the vast amount of grains and cereals produced from farming along the Nile.
Amun-em-Ipet by contrast is less known. He worked either in the temple or the estate of Amun.
According to Egypt’s Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, the excavations that uncovered the tombs were conducted by an entirely-Egyptian team, and marked a “significant” discovery for the country’s archaeological record.
Amun-em-Ipet’s tomb consists of a courtyard, entrance portal, and long hall ending in a niche, but is in poor condition.
Baki’s tomb was larger, and consists of a long, corridor-like courtyard followed by another courtyard leading to its main entrance. Entering the interior, a rectangular hall leads to another of the same, wherein lies the official’s burial niche.
The tomb belonging to Es also has a small courtyard containing a well, followed by a main entrance, and a transverse hall leading to an incomplete hall longer than the first, CNN reports.
One wonders if we will ever run out of these discoveries, which if found in many other countries of the world would be labeled as monumental, but, since being from the time of ancient Egypt, are relegated to acknowledgment via a simple statement on the Antiquities Ministry Instagram page.
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Case one one of her three stops to breastfeed her 6-month-old daughter, Pepper - credit Stephanie Case
Case one one of her three stops to breastfeed her 6-month-old daughter, Pepper – credit Stephanie Case
Hoping to get her “sanity and slight insanity” back after giving birth to her first child, a Canadian runner has completed a 60 mile run through Wales just 6 months postpartum.
It didn’t get in the way of her duties as a mother, however, and Stephanie Case was determined to breastfeed all along the way.
The Ultra-Trail Snowdonia race in Eryri, Wales, runs 100 kilometers through the region’s famous national park. Case had already signed up for it 6 months before her daughter Pepper was born.
Because it was her first ultramarathon since her pregnancy, she felt no pressure for any performance markers, she just wanted to get back out on the trails.
“I am scheduled to do a 100-mile race in Colorado in July, and because I haven’t raced in so many years, I thought I should do a practice run to shake out the cobwebs and make sure that I knew how to put one foot in front of the other and also practice doing the breastfeeding stops for my daughter midrace,” Case told CTV News Toronto.
She knew that would be a bit of a challenge, but as she started to run in preparation for the race, she could feel all the mental and physical benefits of running kick in again, and as race day approached, her mindset shifted.
“I realized that actually, yeah, I can set a higher goal for myself. Why not try to do well in these races? Why not try to shoot for something that seems impossible?”
Starting with the third and final wave of participant runners, Case used her two aid breaks to breastfeed Pepper, while the organizers granted her an additional third break purely for breastfeeding.
Stephanie Case at one of the highest points in the race – credit Stephanie Case
She finished the 60-mile Ultra-Trail Snowdonia race in 16 hours, 53 minutes, and 22 seconds.
Her story got featured in People Magazine, and she is eager not to reinforce the idea that moms have to be it all and do it all. Doing it all means staying happy and healthy for the sake of oneself and their child, and for Case, that means running ultramarathons.
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Quote of the Day: “Challenging the meaning of life is the truest expression of the state of being human.” – Viktor Frankl
Photo by: Benjamin Voros
With a new inspirational quote every day, atop the perfect photo—collected and archived on our Quote of the Day page—why not bookmark GNN.org for a daily uplift?
93 years ago today, one of Europe’s greatest landscape engineering projects, the Afsuiltdijk, was completed in the Netherlands, proving that newly-mechanized Man could tame not only the land, but also the seas. The Afsuiltdijk closed off Zuiderzee (South Sea) Bay and converted it into a freshwater lake called IJsselmeer. In the previous 100 years, the Dutch had become experts at turning wetlands into polderland for farming, and armed with hydraulic machinery, they saw no reason why they couldn’t turn a sea into farmland either. READ how it happened… (1932)
Royal Veterinary College London student Jen Oraze with a sea turtle her team is putting through a CT scanner - credit RVC press.
Royal Veterinary College London student Jen Oraze with a sea turtle her team is putting through a CT scanner – credit RVC press.
When a massive loggerhead sea turtle was hit by a boat and admitted to a Florida veterinary hospital, the doctors didn’t know what to do.
They needed to ascertain the extent of her injuries, but the CT scanner at the Loggerhead Marinelife Center in Juno Beach was too small.
‘Pennywise’ as they named her, was then lifted by the team onto a truck and taken to nearby Jupiter Medical Center to use the CT scanner for humans. But imagine their surprise when they arrived and found that it also was too small for the giant old female.
They needed to think: which animal in society is both larger than a human and commands enough veterinary attention to justify the financing of a super-sized CT scanner?
The team from Loggerhead Center next found themselves at Palm Beach Equine Clinic in Wellington, where they presumably asked a humored bunch of horse veterinaries if they could use their horse-sized CT scanner.
#A 302-pound loggerhead sea turtle injured by a boat required a horse-sized #CtScan, which revealed she is carrying eggs. Boaters are urged to slow down during nesting season to protect endangered turtles. https://t.co/DJOO5LRIS4
“And, luckily, the horse-sized machine was big enough to fit this lady through,” Heather Barron, the chief science officer and veterinarian at Loggerhead, told the Associated Press.
AP wasn’t informed over the extent of Pennywise’s wounds, but the CT scan did reveal that the ‘lady’ was carrying a clutch of eggs.
“We hope we’ll be able to get her back out there into the wild as soon as possible so that she can lay those eggs,” said Barron.
CT scans for turtles suffering from ship strikes are a recent veterinary innovation. The Royal Veterinary College (RVC) London helped pioneer the process under the direction of a Floridian student who was interested in using CT scans for diagnoses.
In 2016, marine biology graduate from the University of California, Santa Cruz, Jen Oraze, led a study team at the RVC to perform CT scans on 5 turtles with suspected spinal cord injuries.
Dozens of sea turtles are taken in by a Florida rescue centre every year after collisions with boats in the Florida Keys. A few suffer chronic spinal injuries and lose their ability to dive without the aid of special weights.
Hearing that a consultant vet at a marine life center from England’s southern coast was running a Florida sea turtle named Ali through a CT scanner, Oraze was fascinated. She then led a study to examine sea turtles from various other aquariums in England and Belgium, including on one that was 70-years-old.
She was eager to publish her findings in hopes that CT scanning of turtles could become standard in her home state of Florida as well as well.
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Adam Kovalcik from Slovakia - credit, Chris Ayers, licensed by the Society for Science
Adam Kovalcik from Slovakia – credit, Chris Ayers, licensed by the Society for Science
Self-described as merely “someone from a small village in a small European country” young Adam Kovalčík won the top prize in America’s most prestigious science fair with his invention of a quicker, cheaper method of making a popular antiviral drug out of corn husk.
Reducing the cost per gram from $75.00 to just $12.00, and the production time per batch from 9 days to just 5, it could dramatically increase the supply of galidesivir, used to treat RNA viruses ebola, Marburg, Zitka, and SARS CoV-2.
The 19-year-old from Dulovce, Slovakia, flew to Ohio to attend the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair, the world’s largest pre-college science and engineering competition, hosted by the Society for Science.
Kovalčík won the $100,000 George D. Yancopoulos Innovator Award, the highest honor available, for his presentation on the production of galidesivir from corn waste, which the judges described as a “bullet proof” presentation.
“I cannot describe this feeling,” Kovalčík told Business Insider. “I did not expect such a huge international competition to be won by someone from a small village in a small European country, so it was just pure shock.”
His innovation essentially arrives at the production of galidesivir via “another door,” one through which only 10 steps are needed rather than 15. The molecule at the heart of Kovalčík’s process is called furfuryl alcohol, distilled from corn husks.
One by one, a series of chemicals are added until the mixture obtains the composition of aza-saccheride, a sugar from which only three more changes are needed to get to galidesivir.
“He was able to shortcut this entire process,” Chris RoDee, a chemist and retired patent examiner who judged the competition, told Business Insider. “He basically halved the number of steps because he just went in through a different door.”
Kovalčík has already filed a preliminary patent for his production process, plans to work with a research group at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava to improve the process, and has concocted an idea to use his prize money to start a company that manufactures eco-friendly perfumes from corn.
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A San Francisco youth during a sneaker upcycle course - credit SoleSpace Lab
A San Francisco youth during a sneaker upcycle course – credit SoleSpace Lab
Educating and encouraging people to reduce their waste footprint doesn’t always have to be done through fear or social pressure, it can be fun and empowering as well.
That’s what the SoleSpace Lab in Oakland is doing—reducing the amount of waste from the footwear industry by teaching kids and teens how to level up their old kicks through cobbling and customization classes.
There are billions of shoes made around the world every year, and in another story on the topic, GNN recently reported that the average American will own around 250 pairs of shoes in a lifetime. That’s a lot of waste, but it doesn’t have to be this way.
Jeff Perlstein, founder of the SoleSpace Lab, is trying to help people see that, and believes that with a bit of vinyl, glue, paint, and a sewing machine, he can make a major difference in his community and the world.
“Lots of people are concerned about the future of our planet, our impact on it, but feel kind of helpless. So, this is a real opportunity for people to make a difference, to be very hands-on, and also express their creativity at the same time,” explained Perlstein.
A unique sneaker repair shop, the SoleSpace Lab teaches folks how to upcycle, refurbish, or customize their shoes. The resulting handicraft is pretty cool, and more often than not reflects the wearer’s personality and interests.
CBS News in the Bay Area saw some made in a Wu Tang Clan style, some repaired using cork wood, and others customized in the colors of the Golden State Valkyries.
But what’s cooler than the shoes are some of the people helping spread the word about the Lab’s mission. Former Golden State Warrior Adonal Foyle helped to give away some lightly worn, very cool sneakers in an event outside the Warrior’s home arena of the Chase Center called “Sustainable Sole.”
When he played for the Warriors, shoes came and went like Gatorade bottles.
“We pretty much used one sneaker a game,” Foyle told CBS, who donated some of his sneakers to the event where Perlstein and SoleSpace Lab hosted an outdoor workshop in the craft of refurbishing old sneakers.
Sometimes it’s just the case that a pair need new soles, but that’s rarely going to excite or interest someone raised in the modern consumer culture of fast fashion. By giving them the chance to express themselves, the attendees didn’t just get the opportunity to walk away with a fresher pair of kicks or an understanding in the cobbler’s craft, but a fresher perspective on what they can do to reduce landfill waste.
WATCH the story below from CBS…
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Right whales Curlew and Koala - credit Blue World Research Institute Joel Cohen (Copy)
Right whales Curlew and Koala – credit Blue World Research Institute Joel Cohen
Down near the Bahamas, a bizarre story is unfolding as two critically-endangered North Atlantic right whales continue a rebellious streak.
Maybe they’re fans of Bob Dylan or The Ramones, but the whales, named Curlew and Koala, have spent the last few months cruising down from the Mid-Atlantic coast to the tropical Caribbean seas, something described as a “once in a lifetime” event.
The sighting of the whales was made by a dolphin watching tour in Florida near Bimini, about 50 miles off the coast. The ship’s captain admitted it was something he had never seen before, and thought the whales were fake at first.
Right whales are extremely rare vagrants in the Gulf of Mexico, and there has never been a North Atlantic right whale sighting in Bahamian seas, where the pair are currently located. Typically this time of year sees these giant baleens going in the exact opposite direction—further north.
Dozens of boats in Massachusetts areas such as Martha’s Vineyard and Broad Sound have been ordered to slow down as dozens of right whales have recently been sighted heading north, a not uncommon migratory pattern that happened last year as well.
“It is fairly unusual for right whales to be seen in the Gulf of Mexico, and there are no recorded sightings of right whales in the Bahamas,” senior aquarium scientist at the New England Aquarium, Philip Hamilton, said in a statement. “What inspired them to make this journey will likely remain a mystery.”
In addition to the migratory enigma, CBS News reports that it’s extremely unusual for two right whales to stay together for more than a few days, unless it’s a mother with her calf.
There are only about 370 North Atlantic right whales left on earth. Extremely intelligent, there are no working hypotheses for why these relatively juvenile whales have paired up and gone so far out of their normal range.
Vagrancies are, however, fairly normal—especially with the eastern Atlantic population, which can end up in the Mediterranean, and along the coasts of England, Norway, and the Netherlands.
“Everything about this sighting is remarkable and exciting,” Hamilton said.
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GNN managing editor and lead writer Andy Corbley will be speaking at the Future of Humanity Experience in Basel, Switzerland, held between June 15th and June 22nd.
Andy will present the talk entitled ‘To Travel is to Live Intentionally, to Travel Intentionally is to Live Transcendentally’ which will follow on his decade of working to turn his favorite hobby and lifestyle into a modernist philosophy, line of work, and performance.
Event organizers Muriele Solange Bolay and Iwona Fluda wanted to create a forum where cutting-edge technology and artistic expression help interpret and expand the thoughts of a diverse and expansive group of talents and creators, creating a show and a dialogue about exactly what kind of world the future will hold, and how do we want to enter it.
Can humankind co-exist with intelligent machines, what responsibilities will humans born beyond Earth have to those on Earth, what ethical duties will a species that can increase its lifespan so substantially have to those unable to afford to do so, should we merge our biological bodies with robotic ones: these are all questions Solange and Iwona are eager to explore.
Andy has long espoused the value and necessity of living intentionally in both his personal life and professional work, and will now have the opportunity to present on just such a topic as Solange and Iwona hope to create an intentional vision of the future.
Andy has also been accorded the honor of leading a workshop at the experience that will help attendees crowdsource and build intentional and impactful travel experiences, as well as on how traveling intentionally can be a conduit for bringing out our deepest human potential.
The Future of Humanity Experience, taking place in concert with ArtBasel 2025, will also welcome dozens of talented artists from different schools of thought and background to explore art’s place in the future of our species, invaded as it has been by artificial intelligence and questions about true originality.
This is Andy’s first appointment as a public speaker, a position and honor he has worked very hard to arrive at.
Quote of the Day: “Words are often seen hunting for an idea, but ideas are never seen hunting for words.” – Josh Billings
Photo by: Kazi Mizan
With a new inspirational quote every day, atop the perfect photo—collected and archived on our Quote of the Day page—why not bookmark GNN.org for a daily uplift?
62 years ago today,The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan album was first released. His second album, it showcased a quantum leap in Dylan’s songwriting talent that propelled him to international fame, with songs like “Blowin’ in the Wind”; “Don’t Think Twice, It’s All Right;” and, “A Hard Rain’s A-Gonna Fall.” The LP established this Minnesota youth as the leader of the singer-songwriter tribe, and a musical muse for the 60s protest movement. The disk even went to No.1 on the UK charts. READ more… (1963)
Not everyone pines for the days without cell phones, but what about social media? Would you erase social media from the history books if you could?
If you said yes, you share the feelings of a staggering 46% of teenage respondents to a recent survey from the British Standards Institution (BSI), which also found that 68% of respondents said they felt worse when they spend too much time on their socials.
Despite often being seen as the most vulnerable generation to smartphone addiction and social media use, it appears teens, who in any generation are extremely quick to pick up emerging social trends, are picking up on the negative impact social media has had on their lives, and are enthusiastically looking to cut back.
Enter The Offline Club, (who ironically have 530,000 followers on Instagram) a Dutch social movement looking to create screen-free public spaces and events in cafes to revive the time before phones, when board games, social interaction, and reading were the activities observed in public.
They also host digital detox retreats, where participants unplug from not only their smartphones, but computers too, and experience a life before the internet.
In a time when social media and mass, internet-enabled communication through text and video have allowed psychology and medical professionals to gain celebrity levels of influence, many of those same professionals, be it Jonathan Haidt or Dr. Phil McGraw, are sounding the alarm over the harm which the introduction of handheld internet access has had on the mental wellbeing of the youngest generations.
BSI’s research showed that out of 1,290 individuals aged 16-21, 47% would prefer to be young in a world without the internet, with 50% also saying a social media curfew would improve their lives.
Some countries, DW reports, are considering age restrictions on social media accounts. Australia has already implemented one at age 16. Cell phone bans at schools is becoming more and more common around the world, especially in the UK.
The Offline Club is taking advantage of this rising cross-cultural awareness and helps its followers replace “screen time with real time.” Their founders envision a world where time spent in public is present and offline.
It started in Amsterdam, but Club chapters quickly organized in Milan, Berlin, Paris, London, Barcelona, Brussels, Antwerp, Dubai, Copenhagen, and Lisbon. Anyone can start a club in a city. So long as they can register a business entity in their country, the Club provides training and branded material.
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Sabato Borrelli, who lived to see his 87th birthday - credit, Vanessa Caporicci
Sabato Borrelli, who lived to see his 87th birthday – credit, Vanessa Caporicci
From Montreal comes the story of a Good Samaritan who saved an elderly man’s life by performing CPR for 20 minutes before paramedics arrived.
Without following-up at all with his ‘patient,’ the stranger vanished back into society, and the victim’s family have been left without anyone to hug or thank.
The Borrelli family of Montreal is now looking for help finding the savior of Sabato, its 86-year-old patriarch, who collapsed from cardiac arrest on his routine walk around Jarry Park, or at least that’s what Sabato’s daughter Gloria thinks.
“This gentleman, or woman or child—I don’t know who saved my father,” she said. “All they wanted was this person to have a chance and he was given that chance.”
Unlike hospital television dramas or action films, the stranger didn’t give up after 45 seconds and start pounding on the patient’s chest shouting “come on!” but rather called 911 and persisted with chest compressions for 20 minutes until an ambulance arrived.
That rescue allowed Borrelli to celebrate his 87th birthday over the weekend while recovering in the hospital, where he suffered a second cardiac arrest following the first.
Borrelli’s other daughter, Lucy Orfeo, was there when her father awoke, which she described as very emotional. Orfeo lost her daughter to cardiac arrest resulting from a brain hemorrhage when she was only 20.
“‘If you’re kind you can change the world,’ that’s what she would say. That was her thing, so it’s kind of like what’s fueling me,” said Orfeo about her search for the person who saved Borrelli.
CBC spoke with a emergency room physician who said that anyone can be like that stranger and save a life provided they have the courage to approach a fallen individual.
“If the citizen as a Good Samaritan doesn’t act right now before the first responder and the ambulance comes in, the chance of survival is essentially zero,” said Dr. François de Champlain to CBC News, reporting on the story from Montreal.
The first step de Champlain says is to call 911. Not only will this ensure professionals eventually arrive, but the operator can explain how to perform chest compressions or use a defibrillator if one happens to be at hand, in case the caller doesn’t know or is too frightened.
Dr. de Champlain said that chest compressions are carried out by pressing with one hand atop the other in the center of the chest between the nipple line with locked elbows to the beat of “Stayin’ Alive” by the Bee Gees, or between 100 and 120 beats per minute.
Update: They found him!
WATCH the NEW story below from CBC News…
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The area of the Dolomites where the study took place - credit Monica Galgiano
The area of the Dolomites where the study took place – credit Monica Galgiano
More evidence that trees display group cognition and communication has arrived from the Dolomites where a multidisciplinary team monitored a forest during a solar eclipse.
Their research witnessed two things, that the trees of the forest synchronized bioelectrical activity during the eclipse, and that the process of synchronization was started and directed by the eldest trees—a full 14 hours before the eclipse even started.
The results of their experiment, which was published in Royal Society Open Science, demonstrate both the incredible value of old trees to the forests in which they live, but also the extent to which our woody cousins respond to their environment.
Using rugged, custom-built, low-power sensors deployed across a forest in the Dolomites, the interdisciplinary team—comprising experts from Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Australia—recorded simultaneous bioelectrical responses from multiple trees.
Charged molecules travel through the cells of all living organisms, transmitting electrical signals as they go. Collectively, this electrical activity is known as the organism’s “electrome,” and the scientists set out to observe this phenomenon during the hour-long eclipse.
Their idea was simple: an eclipse is a profound event that inspires awe and collective behavior in both humans and other animals. This, then, would be the best opportunity to see whether trees can react collectively. Though some have theorized that trees can communicate through other methods like shadow and odors, bioelectrical signals are the only known way a tree interacts with its environment in a manner that resembles dialogue.
“By applying advanced analytical methods—including complexity measures and quantum field theory—we have uncovered a deeper, previously unrecognized dynamic synchronization not based on matter exchanges among trees,” said Professor Alessandro Chiolerio, a lead-author on the study which was conducted in Paneveggio, in the Italian Dolomites region.
“We now see the forest not as a mere collection of individuals, but as an orchestra of phase correlated plants.”
The electrical activity of all three trees became significantly more synchronized around the eclipse—both before and during the one-hour event. The two older trees in the study, about 70 years old, had a much more pronounced early response to the impending eclipse than the young tree. This suggests older trees may have developed mechanisms to anticipate and respond to such events, similar to their responses to seasonal changes, since solar eclipses occur on a cycle as well.
Bioelectrical waves were recorded traveling between the trees as well.
Additionally, the team attached electrodes to several stumps from trees that had been devasted by a storm from the previous year. They also showed bioelectric synchronization, although at a lower level, suggesting they were still alive and participating.
“This is a remarkable example of the wood wide web in action, and we think that it’s going to inspire new science in this direction, but also has deep ramification on how we deal with conservation: it reinforces the idea that the old trees cannot simply be replaced by replanting, they need to be protected because they hold ancestral memories that allow for resilience and adaptation,” said co-author Monica Gagliano in a video produced by Southern Cross University, whose scientists participated on the study.
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Volunteer archaeologists Jim and Dilys Quinlan unearth winged goddess - Credit: The Vindolanda Trust
Volunteer archaeologists Jim and Dilys Quinlan unearth winged goddess – Credit: The Vindolanda Trust
Two amateur English archeologists made a major find at a famous site in Britain when they turned up a carved relief of the winged goddess of victory.
Believed to have been part of a much larger ornament, the pair found it during their 21st year of volunteer excavations.
Vindolanda was the site of a Roman fort near Hadrian’s wall, and has been under spade and trowel for decades. Only one quarter of the sprawling complex has been explored, and currently teams of professionals and volunteers are digging at the site’s infantry barracks.
Dilys and Jim Quinlan come from Liverpool every year during the excavation season to help uncover Britain’s past. Despite their enduring love of history and archaeology, they have spent most of their career in civics and medicine.
“It’s the best form of relaxation that we know of,” Mrs. Quinlan told the Guardian. “We eat well, sleep well, we’re in good company and there’s always more to learn. What more could you ask for?”
Recently, their efforts yielded the greatest reward yet: a rather humble carving of the winged goddess of victory, an icon from Roman times believed to personify victory and which was associated with battle. It’s little surprise then to have been found near the barracks.
A statement on the find reads that the stone is thought to be one side of a much larger relief which would have framed an inscription in its center. These particular barracks at Vindolanda were built at the end of a tumultuous time for the Romans in Britain, in 213 CE, just after the end of the Severan wars.
The barracks were once adorned with a large ornamental arch and gate, precisely the location where an inscription may have been present. The relief of Victory is poignant, representing the end of the war and the establishment of the fort at the site.
“Finds like this are increasingly rare these days from Roman Britain, but the beautifully carved figure vividly reminds us that Roman forts were not simply utilitarian, they had grandeur and of course the symbolism was a vital part of the culture here for the soldiers almost 2,000 years ago,” said Dr. Andrew Birley, the director of excavations at Vindolanda, in the statement. “I am also delighted for Jim and Dilys for their discovery. It is just reward for their 21 years of hard work and dedication to this site.”
Dr. Birley told the Guardian that the British public has an insatiable appetite for archaeology, and compared the volunteer digging season at Vindolanda as “a mini-version of Glastonbury.”
“When we open the applications for [volunteers] to join the excavations, we fill up in about a minute. It’s ridiculous. I feel terrible because we probably get four or five thousand people who want to join us and we can only take five hundred.”
The Quinlans, for their part, were never tempted to make a late-game switch in careers to archaeology, and were happy to keep it as a treasured couple’s hobby.
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Photo by: Dmitry Shamis
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